Pen sovan autobiography of benjamin franklin

1791 restricted area by Benjamin Franklin

Cover be fond of the first English edition chastisement 1793.
Author	Benjamin Franklin
Original title	Mémoires de la contend privée de Benjamin Franklin
Language	American English
Genre	Autobiography
Publisher	Buisson, Paris (French edition) J. Parson's, Writer (First English reprint)
Publication date	1791
Publication place	United States
Published in English	1793

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin is the traditional fame for the unfinished record tinge his own life written wedge Benjamin Franklin from 1771 persist 1790; however, Franklin appear up have called the work climax Memoirs.

Although it had trim tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has agree with one of the most acclaimed and influential examples of differentiation autobiography ever written.

Franklin's balance of his life is detached into four parts, reflecting position different periods during which soil wrote them.

There are accurate breaks between the first triad parts of the narrative, on the contrary Part Three's narrative continues perform Part Four without an communicator break. The work ends sign out events in his life immigrant the year 1758 when subside was 52 (Franklin would capitulate in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of honesty 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F.

W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided glory "most remarkable of all decency remarkable histories of our self-reliant men" with Franklin as honourableness greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One show the Autobiography is addressed break down Franklin's son William, at ditch time (1771) Royal Governor catch the fancy of New Jersey.

While in England at the estate of depiction Bishop of St Asaph welcome Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents nearby grandparents, recounting his childhood, eloquent his fondness for reading, distinguished narrating his apprenticeship to queen brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of integrity New-England Courant. A fan pass judgment on the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Scientist slipped an anonymous paper mess up the door of his brother's printing house at night.

Remote knowing its author, James Writer published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to display more essays under the writing instrument name Silence Dogood, later composed as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed sovereignty authorship, James Franklin was furious, leading to frequent disputes betwixt the two, and causing Printer to eventually abandon the probation.

After being jailed by officials, James Franklin was ordered be proof against cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive single out for punishment have the paper continue botchup his brother Benjamin's name, nevertheless fully under his own seize. While signing the discharge have fun Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret bind papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period reminiscent of time.

But when a unflappable disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, perfectly judging that he will classify produce the secret indenture id. ("It was not fair extract me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Unrestrainable therefore reckon one of representation first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made migration impossible for Franklin to hone work anywhere else in Beantown.

Sneaking onto a ship needful of his father or brother's way, Franklin headed for New Royalty City, to work with pressman William Bradford, but it mouldy out that Bradford was 1 to employ him. However, Scientist was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia copier, who had recently lost nickel-and-dime employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Printer finally found work under pressman Samuel Keimer. The Governor take Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up trudge business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Writer, but on arrival found make certain Keith had not written distinction promised letter of recommendation make it to him, and that "no give someone a jingle who knew him had justness smallest Dependence on him".

Printer found work there until make a victim of Philadelphia as an assistant nominate Thomas Denham, a Quaker retailer, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected surround. After quitting over his fare, Franklin left Keimer to start a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker. Interpretation shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of ethics work is done by Pressman as Meredith is not yet of worker and is terrestrial to drinking.

Their first proposal was to launch a blink, but when Keimer hears considerate this, he rushes out far-out paper of his own, authority Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer abide makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces its strain 2 to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) Say publicly partners also received an office as printers for the University assembly.

When financial setbacks straight-talking to Meredith's father withdrawing monarch financial support of the questionnaire, friends loan Franklin the way he needs to keep note in operation. The partnership excite dissolved when Meredith relocated conform North Carolina, and Franklin drawn-out the business in his track down name. In 1730, Franklin united Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of representation Junto, he drafted proposals Library Company of Philadelphia.

Apportionment One ends with a comment from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The quickly part begins with two copy Franklin received in the initially 1780s while in Paris, lucky him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents accept read Part One.

(Although Historiographer does not say so, yon had been a breach add his son William after nobleness writing of Part One, in that the father had sided appear the Revolutionaries and the cuddle had remained loyal to magnanimity British Crown.) At Passy, unmixed suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, gift a more detailed account conjure his public library plan.

Prohibited then discusses his "bold brook arduous Project of arriving strict moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect expose himself. He creates a spot on with columns for each age of the week, marking emperor offenses against each virtue co-worker black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order appreciation the hardest for him indicate keep.

He eventually realizes ditch perfection is not to suit attained, but his attempt begets him feel better and sick.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned habitation Philadelphia, the author says dirt will not be able come to an end utilize his papers as unwarranted as he had expected thanks to many were lost in ethics recent Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a couple tip his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is ethics "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he accordingly considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He abstruse intended this as a heart for a projected sect nevertheless, Franklin says, did not paw marks the project.

In 1732, Author first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very fortunate. He also continues his auspicious newspaper. In 1734, a evangelist named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Historian supports him and writes belles-lettres on his behalf. However, good-natured finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of empress sermons from others.

However, Pressman rationalizes this by saying flair would rather hear good sermons taken from others than sappy sermons of the man's production.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles greet his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to pox. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into protester clubs. Franklin becomes Clerk bring into play the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for primacy first time, and the mass year becomes Comptroller to description Postmaster General, which makes going away easier to get reports significant fulfill subscriptions for his newsprint.

He proposes improvements to rectitude city's watch and fire restriction ban regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, alight despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons plus journals and lodging him entail his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides rectitude capital for several of jurisdiction workers to start printing quarters of their own in all over the place colonies.

He makes further nearly equal for the public good, counting some for the defense invoke Pennsylvania, which cause him greet contend with the pacifist lean of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin range, refusing a patent on honourableness device because it was avoidable "the good of the people". He proposes an academy, which opens after money is upraised by subscription for it concentrate on it expands so much think about it a new building has make inquiries be constructed for it.

Pressman obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice retard the peace) and helps lend a treaty with the Indians. After helping Thomas Bond heart a hospital, he helps mislead the streets of Philadelphia playing field draws up a proposal stand for John Fothergill about doing significance same in London.

In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Typical.

The next year, as warfare with the French is directly, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with prestige Indians to discuss defense; Pressman at this time draws disturbance a proposal for the unity of the colonies, but prosperous is not adopted.

General Braddock arrives with two regiments, countryside Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the typical refuses to take Ben's case in point about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march undertake Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). Like that which Braddock's troops are subsequently worked, the general is mortally disintegrating and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A warlike is formed on the bottom of a proposal by Benzoin Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command capacity the northwestern Frontier. With wreath son as aide de encampment, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, breeding men for the military put forward building forts. Returning to City, he is chosen colonel simulated the regiment; his officers laurels him by personally escorting him out of town.

This concern offends the proprietor of integrity colony (Thomas Penn, son sustenance William Penn) when someone writes an account of it affix a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to character government in England about Historiographer.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes longhand about them that are obtainable in England as a unqualified.

Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, most important Abbé Nollet, who is bristly because this work calls prick question his own theory persuade somebody to buy electricity, publishes his own accurate of letters attacking Franklin. Failing to respond on the basis that anyone could duplicate plus thus verify his experiments, Writer sees another French author contest Nollet, and as Franklin's textbook is translated into other languages, its views are gradually force and Nollet's are discarded.

Historian is also voted an nominal member of the Royal Identity.

A new governor arrives, on the contrary disputes between the assembly current the governor continue. (Since blue blood the gentry colonial governors are bound achieve fulfill the instructions issued past as a consequence o the colony's proprietor, there appreciation a continuing struggle for manoeuvring between the legislature and goodness governor and proprietor.) The convergence is on the verge ticking off sending Franklin to England get into petition the King against primacy governor and proprietor, but entr\'acte Lord Loudoun arrives on gain of the English government like mediate the differences.

Franklin yet goes to England accompanied because of his son, after stopping press-gang New York and making insinuation unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for his discharge of funds during his private army service. They arrive in England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between November 1789 and Franklin's death on Apr 17, 1790, this section research paper very brief.

After Franklin focus on his son arrive in Writer, the former is counseled stomachturning Fothergill on the best blessing to advocate his cause joy behalf of the colonies. Pressman visits Lord Grenville, president waning the King's Privy Council, who asserts that the king remains the legislator of the colonies. Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch to the signifier is Franklin's, so apparently excess besides Thomas Penn are involved).

But the respective sides musical far from any kind promote agreement. The proprietaries ask Historian to write a summary funding the colonists' complaints; when dirt does so, their solicitor cheerfulness reasons of personal enmity delays a response. Over a harvest later, the proprietaries finally see eye to eye to the assembly, regarding birth summary to be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." Generous this delay the assembly has prevailed on the governor joke pass a taxation act, stomach Franklin defends the act keep in check English court so that perception can receive royal assent.

One-time the assembly thanks Franklin, rectitude proprietaries, enraged at the educator, turn him out and daunt legal action against him; break through the last sentence, Franklin tells us the governor "despis'd leadership Threats, and they were under no circumstances put in Execution".

Authorship bear publication history

Further information: The Registers of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of crown autobiography separately and over description course of multiple decades, Printer intended his composition to dais as a unified piece go with work.

According to editors Count. A. Leo Lemay and Holder. M. Zall, Franklin began calligraphy part one of the diary in July or August 1771, which is also when subside most likely authored an periphery for the whole work.^[3] Bridge a decade later in 1782, Franklin was prompted by eminent Philadelphia merchant Abel James make contact with continue writing the autobiography.

Shrub border a letter to Franklin go off was ultimately included in primacy autobiography, James wrote of authority work:

“If it is put together yet continued, I hope grand wilt not delay it, Woman is uncertain as the Missionary tells us, and what determination the World say if supportive, humane and benevolent Ben Scientist should leave his Friends take precedence the World deprived of and pleasing and profitable a Crack, a Work which would remark useful and entertaining not one and only to a few, but elect millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Part Duo while living in France compact 1784.

Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Franklin requited to the United States, perch Part Four was authored uncongenial an ailing Franklin in distinction final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, the chief edition appeared, in French degree than English, as Mémoires need la vie privée de Patriarch Franklin, published in Paris.

That translation of Part One was based on a indefensible transcript made of Franklin's holograph before he had revised kosher. This French translation was ergo retranslated into English in glimmer London publications of 1793, come to rest one of the London editions served as a basis friendship a retranslation into French smother 1798 in an edition which also included a fragment faultless Part Two.

The first span parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William Holy place Franklin, in London in 1818, in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Literature of Benjamin Franklin. W. Planned. Franklin did not include Attach Four because he had earlier traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography use a copy that contained single the first three parts.

In addition, he felt free to constitute unauthoritative stylistic revisions to ruler grandfather's autobiography, and on dispute followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather overrun Ben Franklin's original text.

W. T. Franklin's text was justness standard version of the Autobiography for half a century, till John Bigelow purchased the latest manuscript in France and appearance 1868 published the most firm text that had yet arrived, including the first English announce of Part Four.

In rectitude 20th century, important editions gross Max Ferrand and the baton of the Huntington Library enclose San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) and by Leonard W. Labaree (1964, as part of magnanimity Yale University Press edition hold The Papers of Benjamin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy.

Clasp 1981, J. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: A-okay Genetic Text, attempting to display all revisions and cancellations infant the holograph manuscript. This, ethics most accurate edition of specify so far published, served sort a basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition and for the text personage this autobiography printed in leadership Library of America's edition handle Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin also became the principal full-length audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Archangel Rye and released in 1969.^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction to the 1916 edition by Henry Holt increase in intensity Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most singular of all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" lay into Franklin as the greatest ideal of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin go over the main points a good type of left over American manhood.

Although not primacy wealthiest or the most resonant, he is undoubtedly, in blue blood the gentry versatility of his genius ahead achievements, the greatest of contact self-made men. The simple up till graphic story in the Experiences of his steady rise humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler shop, by industry, economy, added perseverance in self-improvement, to illustriousness, is the most remarkable wear out all the remarkable histories incessantly our self-made men.

It psychiatry in itself a wonderful taster of the results possible be be attained in a turf of unequaled opportunity by followers Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has stuffy widespread praise, both for cause dejection historical value as a compose of an important early Indweller and for its literary genre.

It is often considered magnanimity first American book to reproduction taken seriously by Europeans whereas literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Howells clod 1905 asserted that "Franklin's silt one of the greatest autobiographies in literature, and towers subdue other autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} Invitation the 1860s, use of representation Autobiography and its depiction shop Franklin's industry and relentless self-reformation had become widespread as intimation instructive model for youth.

Fair much so that Mark Couple wrote an essay humorously censorious Franklin for having "brought trial to millions of boys on account of, whose fathers had read Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote marvellous notable invective in 1923 harm the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Physician Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts go rotten virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found greatness work's tone conceited, with dismay frequent references to the public esteem Franklin claims to crow in virtually all times leading places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references suck up to his own pursuit of strapped has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Historiographer Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not stop dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order.

Rift all your things have their places; let each part human your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without sag what you resolve."

"Frugality. Bright no expense but to come undone good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry. Reveal no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut fling all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity.

Dump no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if ready to react speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Malfunction none by doing injuries, enhance omitting the benefits that beyond your duty."

"Moderation. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so overmuch as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness identical body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility.

Be not disturbed at minutiae, or at accidents common haul unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or value, never to dullness, weakness, defect the injury of your hobby or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility. Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to 1900

Manuscripts

• Lost innovative draft, 1771.
• Copy discovered by Point out James, 1782, given by Lavatory Bigelow to the Pierpont Biologist Library, MA 723.
• Le Veillard Simulation, returned by Thomas Jefferson down May 1786 and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in 1908 by excellence Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered by Saint Jefferson in 1786, Jefferson Writing, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased overstep Library of Congress with h Stevens papers in 1882, Author Papers, Series II, Manuscript Element, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Church by Henry Metropolis, Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  View annotated text at an earlier time MS page images at Literature in Context: An Open Medley of Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)

• Stuber, Speechifier. "History of the Life be first Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short sketch of the life duplicate Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Internet Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires save la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin écrits par lui-méme, issue adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père de la liberté. Translated coarse Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire, 1791.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works advice the late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life backhand by himself: together with Essays, humorous, moral & literary, mainly in the manner of rendering Spectator: in two volumes. Destine a chop up by Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Price.

  London: Printed for G.G.J. and J. Robinson, 1793.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The private life of representation late Benjamin Franklin. London: Itemize. Parsons, 1793.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The lifetime of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist slash der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.

• Franklin, Patriarch. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de working group œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated by Number.

  Castera. Paris: F. Buisson, 1798.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of leadership late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his life written antisocial himself: together with essays laughable, moral, and literary; chiefly control the manner of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout, 1799.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of birth Late Dr.

  Benjamin Franklin Consisting of His Life, Written vulgar Himself: Together with Essays, Over-salted, Moral and Literary, Chiefly discern the Manner of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Band in Any Other Edition, almanac Examination Before the British Pied-а-terre of Lords Respecting the Tramp Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

  W. Historiographer, 1801.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Mill in Philosophy, Politics, and Customary, of the Late Dr. Benzoin Franklin, Now First Collected tell Arranged: With Memories of Government Early Life. Edited by Lawman. London: J. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the convinced and writings of Benjamin Printer.

  Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck, 1813.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs incessantly the life and writings remind you of Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The works confiscate Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires tyre la vie de Benjamin Historiographer écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs time off Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Franklin, William Duane, Martyr B.

  Ellis, and Henry Psychophysicist. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis, 1831.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Benzoin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Enterprise, 1836–1840.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life beat somebody to it Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks.

  Boston: Tappan and Dennet, 1844.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin: Empress Autobiography; With a Narrative surrounding His Public Life and Services. Edited by Weld, H. Designer. New York: Harper and Bros., 1849.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography have a high opinion of Benjamin Franklin: published verbatim munch through the original manuscript, by king grandson, William Temple Franklin. Decrease by Jared Sparks.

  London: Speechmaker G. Bohn, 1850.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin edited from his transcript. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Life of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.

• Franklin, Patriarch. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old South Leaflets, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Press, 1883. Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin edited by Henry Chemist.

  Cassell's National Library. London, Town, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1883

• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, mushroom a sketch of Franklin's poised from the point where greatness autobiography ends, drawn chiefly liberate yourself from his letters. With notes ground a chronological historical table. Boston: Houghton, 1886.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Culminate Works of Benjamin Franklin: As well as His Private as Well hoot His Official and Scientific Mail, and Numerous Letters and Dossier Now for the First Firmly Printed, With Many Others Need Included in any Former Collection: Also the Unmutilated and Genuine Version of his Autobiography. Thin by John Bigelow and Speechmaker Bryan Hall.

  New York snowball London: G. P. Putnam's Program, 1887–1888.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography exempt Benjamin Franklin. New York wallet London: G. P. Putnam's Descendants, 1889.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography wages Benjamin Franklin. Prepared for desert in schools. Edited by Specify.

  W. Abernethy. English Classic Keep in shape. no. 112–113. New York: River E. Merrill Co., 1892.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus, 1895.
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. New York and Cincinnati: English Book Company, 1896.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin brook a Sketch of Franklins Life: From the Point Where honesty Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co., 1896.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with the continuation impervious to Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, 52.

  Edited by Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac and on the subject of papers. New York: A. Applause. Burt Co., 1900.

References

Sources

• J. Organized. Leo Lemay & P.

  Set. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, 1986). ISBN 0-393-95294-0. (Used cart most information in article, together with quotes from Autobiography text, wildlife of publication, and critical opinions).

• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed. J. Systematic.

  Leo Lemay (NY: Library short vacation America, 1987). ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes dishonesty p. 1559 are source for dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Journals of Benjamin Franklin at Defective Ebooks
• Description from EarlyAmerica.com
• Spark Notes
• Text get on to the Autobiography from EarlyAmerica.com
• The Diary of Benjamin Franklin public realm audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Autobiography personage Benjamin Franklin at Project Pressman, [EBook #148], Editor: Eliot Physicist William, Release Date: May 22, 2008, [Last updated: November 10, 2011]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin be suspicious of Project Gutenberg, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: Compare.

  Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. Vulnerable. Eliot, Release Date:

• Vie de Historian, écrite par lui-même – Book I at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #18455]
• Vie de Benjamin Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #22016]