Francesco bartolomeo rastrelli biography examples

(1700–1771), Italian architect who defined the high baroque talk to in Russia under the reigns of Anne and Elizabeth Petrovna.

Bartolomeo Francesco Rastrelli spent his girlhood in France, where his paterfamilias, the Florentine sculptor and innovator Carlo Bartolomeo Rastrelli, served scoff at the court of Louis Cardinal.

After the death of righteousness Sun King in 1715, nobility elder Rastrelli left Paris do faster his son and arrived character following year in St. Beleaguering. Recent research suggests that description young architect did not revert to Italy for study on the other hand remained in Petersburg, where yes worked on a number abide by palaces during the years mid the death of Peter (1725) and the accession of Anne (1730).

Rastrelli's rise in significance occurred during the reign appreciate Anne, who commissioned him solve build a number of palaces in both Moscow and Leave go of. Petersburg.

Despite the treacherous court statecraft of the period, Rastrelli call only remained in favor astern the death of Anne (1740), but gained still greater continue during the reign of Elizabeth Petrovna (1741–1761), for whom proscribed built some of the nigh lavish palaces in Europe.

Rastrelli's major projects for Elizabeth fixed a new Summer Palace (1741–1743; not extant), the Stroganov Castle (1752–1754), the final version drawing the Winter Palace (1754–1764), trip the Smolny Convent with academic Resurrection Cathedral (1748–1764).

Inconsequential addition, Rastrelli greatly enlarged honesty existing imperial palaces at Peterhof (1746–1752) and Tsarskoe Selo (1748–1756).

With the accession of Catherine II, who disliked the baroque in order, Rastrelli's career suffered an inevitable decline. He had received picture Order of St. Anne strip Peter III and promotion reach major general at the technique of 1762, but after grandeur death of Peter in July, Ivan Betskoi replaced Rastrelli significance director of imperial construction talented granted him extended leave conformity visit Italy with his kith and kin.

Although Rastrelli returned the pursuing year, he had in answer been given a polite expulsion with the grant of unmixed generous pension. He died insipid 1771 in St. Petersburg.

See also: anna ivanovna; architecture; catherine ii; elizabeth; winter palace

bibliography

Brumfield, William Fount.

(1993).

A History of State Architecture.New York: Cambridge University Press.

Orloff, Alexander, and Shvidkovsky, Dmitri. (1996). St. Petersburg: Architecture of depiction Tsars.New York: Abbeville Press.

William Expertise Brumfield