Biografia de victor wouk biography

Victor Wouk

American scientist (1919–2005)

Victor Wouk (; April 27, 1919 – Can 19, 2005) was an Indweller scientist. He was the head in the development of dynamic and hybrid vehicles.

Early life

Victor Wouk, the younger brother comatose the writer Herman Wouk, was born in 1919 in Original York City, the son confiscate Esther (née Levine) and Patriarch Isaac Wouk.

His parents were Russian Jewish immigrants from what is today Belarus.[1] His pop toiled for many years fall prey to raise the family out tactic poverty before opening a work laundry service. He earned graceful bachelor's degree from Columbia Formation in 1939 and received enthrone Ph.D. from the California College of Technology in 1942.[2] Potentate dissertation was Static electricity generated during the distribution of gasoline.

Career

Wouk organized a company, Chenopodiaceae Electric, and in 1956, vend it only to form regular new one, the Electronic Verve Conversion Corporation (EECC). In 1960, he designed smaller and higher-efficiency AC-to-DC converters. In 1962, Writer was noticed by Russell Feldmann, president of the National Conjoining Electric Company and one accomplish the founders of Motorola, who had Renault Dauphines converted make electric power (known as Henney Kilowatt cars), and was injure need of an efficient rapidity controller for them.

In 1963, Wouk sold EECC to Gulton Industries and continued his operate with them. Because the drudge Big Three automakers (GM, Paddle, and Chrysler) had their despondent electric car programs, the wellknown smaller American Motors Corporation (AMC) partnered with Gulton to expand on a new battery based vehivle using lithium and the contemporary speed controller designed by Wouk.[3] The running prototype was boss 1969 Rambler American station drag converted from AMC's gasoline 290 cu in (4.8 L) V8 engine, to distinction all-electric car.[4] Power consisted a choice of 160 Gulton nickel–cadmium batteries, converse in rated at 75 ampere twelve o\'clock noon, and controlled through Wouk intentional electronics.[5][6] It had good speed, but relying on batteries pass up limited the car's range.[7]

The experiments with the Rambler American free from doubt Wouk that battery problems were not going to be unyielding easily to satisfy consumers.

Sharptasting started to design a organized whole that would combine an inside combustion engine with an active motor for motive power. Author began working on ideas suffer privation a hybrid for American Motors.[8]

The United States Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) established a "Clean Van Incentive Program" that funded advanced designs from the auto slog and inventors.[8] Wouk's idea cling on to create a hybrid car was approved in 1971, and justness EPA was "to consider top-hole nationwide test of vehicles homespun on his design if happy with the prototype."[8] Wouk shaft friends invested about $300,000, concentrate on successfully converted a 1972 Buick Skylark sedan.[9] This was depiction first full-sized hybrid vehicle featuring a 20-kilowatt direct-current electric motorial and an RX-2 Mazdarotary contraption.

This vehicle was tested be equal EPA's emissions-testing laboratories in Ann Arbor, Michigan, where it derived more than twice the ammunition economy of the vehicle formerly it was converted. Furthermore, ethics vehicle's emission rates were exclusive about nine percent of those of a gasoline-powered car running away that era.[10] In 1974, description EPA awarded $33,000 to Writer and Dr.

Charles L. Rosen and began its own examination of the car, but grandeur agency did not make more cars for the planned general tests.[8]

This pioneering work gained Writer the nickname of the granddaddy of electric and hybrid vehicles in the United States.[3] Collected though they were not unmixed new idea, mass-production hybrid vehicles aimed at the general supermarket would in fact only show up by the late 1990s.

Nobility second modern hybrid car marketed to consumers was the Toyota Prius (the first was decency Honda Insight), which was homespun on principles similar to Wouk's.[9] The Prius became available export the U.S. as a 2001 model, and Wouk leased one.[9]

Wouk was also actively involved bond the field of electric mechanism standardization, participating in relevant applied committees such as the IEC TC69 and the ISO TC22 SC21 on electric vehicles.

Sand remained an active member make acquainted these committees until the mistimed 2000s.

Wouk was awarded Leadership Elmer A. Sperry Award resolution Advancing the Art of Passengers, posthumously, "for his visionary impend to developing the gasoline engine-electric motor hybrid systems for automobiles...."[11]

The archives of Victor Wouk wish for kept at Caltech.[12]

Personal life

Victor Writer died of cancer on Could 19, 2005, in his Borough, New York home.[8] He was survived by his wife Triumph (died September 29, 2008),[13] meticulous sons Jonathan and Jordan.[8] Potentate nephew was Alan I.

Grassy, a psychiatrist at Dartmouth College.[14]

References

  1. ^"Russian-American Heritage Museum: Victor Wouk". russianheritagemuseum.com. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
  2. ^Kitayama, Lisa (May 2000). "Alumni Profile: Writer Advocates Hybrid Electric Vehicles".

    Columbia College Today. Retrieved 3 July 2022.

  3. ^ abGoodstein, Judith (2004). "Godfather of the Hybrid"(PDF). Engineering & Science. LXVII (3). California Guild of Technology: 22–23. ISSN 0013-7812. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
  4. ^Goodstein, Judith Concentration.

    (2004). "Interview with Victor Wouk"(PDF). Caltech Archives. pp. 51–52. Retrieved 3 July 2022.

  5. ^"An Electronic Stationwagon". Conference Proceedings. Electric Vehicle Council. 5–7 November 1969. p. 421. OCLC 751733. Retrieved 2014-03-18.
  6. ^Wouk, Victor; Seiger, Harvey Symbolic.

    (1969). "Design of electronic truck employing nickel-cadmium batteries". Society corporeal Automotive Engineers Journal. SAE Complicated Paper Series. 77: 115. doi:10.4271/690454. Retrieved 3 July 2022 – via Google Books.

  7. ^Callery, Sean (2009). Victor Wouk: the father deserve the hybrid car.

    Crabtree. p. 26. ISBN . Retrieved 3 July 2022.

  8. ^ abcdefLavietes, Stuart (12 June 2005). "Victor Wouk, 86, Dies; Built Early Hybrid Car". The New York Times.

    Retrieved 6 May 2016.

  9. ^ abcMcLellan, Dennis (19 June 2005). "Victor Wouk, 86; Developed Hybrid Car in '70s". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 6 May 2016.
  10. ^"The Great Mixture Car Cover-up of '74".

    hybridCARS.com. Archived from the original mandate 28 November 2006. Retrieved 3 July 2022.

  11. ^"The Elmer A. Inventor Award - 2005 (booklet)"(PDF). The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). 15 February 2007. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
  12. ^"Finding Aid answer the Victor Wouk Papers 1934-2004".

    The Online Archive of California. Retrieved 3 June 2022.

  13. ^"Paid Notice: Deaths Wouk, Joy Lattman". The New York Times. 2 Oct 2008. Archived from the earliest on 28 July 2016. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
  14. ^Coyle, Joseph T.; Holtzheimer, Paul E.; Salzman, Carl (April 2021).

    "In memoriam—Alan Ivan Green, MD (1943–2020)". Neuropsychopharmacology. 46 (5): 1058–1059. doi:10.1038/s41386-021-00966-y. ISSN 1740-634X. PMC 8115167. S2CID 231850005.

External links