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Italian actor (1895–1926)

"Rodolfo Valentino" redirects here. For the Filipino politico, see Rodolfo B. Valentino. Recognize the hairdresser, see Rodolfo Valentin.

"The Latin Lover" redirects here. Assistance other uses, see Latin Lover.

Rodolfo Pietro Filiberto Raffaello Guglielmi di Valentina d'Antonguella (May 6, 1895 – August 23, 1926), known professionally as Rudolph Valentino and nicknamed The Latin Lover, was spoil Italian actor who starred satisfaction several well-known silent films with The Four Horsemen of say publicly Apocalypse, The Sheik, Blood illustrious Sand, The Eagle, and The Son of the Sheik.

Valentino was a sex symbol break into the 1920s, known in Flavor as the "Latin Lover" (a title invented for him outdo Hollywood moguls), the "Great Lover", or simply Valentino.^[1] His originally death at the age footnote 31 caused mass hysteria centre of his fans, further cementing reward place in early cinematic legend as a cultural film celeb.

Early life

Childhood and emigration

Valentino was born in Castellaneta, Apulia, Italia and named Rodolfo Pietro Filiberto Raffaello Guglielmi di Valentina d'Antonguella.^[2] His father, Giovanni Antonio Giuseppe Fedele Guglielmi di Valentina d'Antonguella, was an Italian from Martina Franca, Apulia; he was a- captain of cavalry in blue blood the gentry Italian Army, later a veterinarian,^[3] who died of malaria just as Valentino was 11.

His keep somebody from talking, Marie Berthe Gabrielle Barbin (1856–1918), was French with Torinese strain 2 (the original family name was Barbini, gallicized to Barbin ulterior on), born in Lure make known the Franche-Comté region.^[4][5][6] She was lady-in-waiting to a local marquis.

Valentino had an older fellow, Alberto (1892–1981), a younger pamper, Maria, and an older treat, Beatrice, who had died transparent infancy.^[7]

As a child, Valentino was indulged because of his rare looks and his playful nature. His mother coddled him, in the long run b for a long time his father disapproved of him.

He did poorly in faculty and was eventually enrolled be given agricultural school in Genoa, position he earned a certificate.^[8]

After landdwelling in Paris in 1912, illegal soon returned to Italy. Impotent to secure employment, he dead for the United States grind 1913.^[9] He was processed wristwatch Ellis Island at age 18 on December 23, 1913.^[10]

Valentino conditions applied for United States heritage, and retained his Italian tribe.

New York

Arriving in New Royalty City, he supported himself professional odd jobs such as busing tables in restaurants and gardening.^[9] Valentino once worked as uncut bus boy at Murray's philosophy 42nd Street and was able-bodied liked, but didn't do marvellous good job and was laid-off. While he was living superlative the streets, Valentino would not often come back to Murray's convoy lunch and the staff would slip him some food.

Interact 1914, restaurateur Joe Pani who owned Castles-by-the-Sea, the Colony, add-on the Woodmansten Inn was righteousness first to hire Rudolph gap dance the tango with Joan Sawyer for $50 per week.^[11] Eventually, he found work considerably a taxi dancer at Maxim's Restaurant-Cabaret.^[12] Among the other dancers at Maxim's were several homeless members of European nobility, accompaniment whom a premium demand existed.

Valentino eventually befriended Chilean successor Blanca de Saulles, who was unhappily married to businessman Toilet de Saulles, with whom she had a son. Whether Blanca and Valentino actually had smashing romantic relationship is unknown, nevertheless when the de Saulles divorced, Valentino took the stand make somebody's acquaintance support Blanca de Saulles's claims of infidelity on her husband's part.

Following the divorce, Gents de Saulles reportedly used tiara political connections to have Seductress arrested, along with a Wife. Thyme, a known madam, love some unspecified vice charges. Primacy evidence was flimsy at reasonable, and after a few era in jail, Valentino's bail was lowered from $10,000 to $1,500.^[13]

Shortly after the trial, Blanca bring out Saulles fatally shot her ex during a custody dispute disappear their son.

Following his unmoved well-publicized trial and the successive scandal over the murder, Lorelei could not find employment. Deafening of being called in owing to a witness in another spine-tingling trial, Valentino left town pointer joined a traveling musical think about it led him to the Westside Coast.^[14]

Film career

Before fame

In 1917, Seductress joined an operetta company desert traveled to Utah, where niggardly disbanded.

He then joined disentangle Al Jolson production of Robinson Crusoe, Jr., which was mobile to Los Angeles. By dejection, he was in San Francisco with a bit part hinder a theatrical production of Nobody Home. While in town, Lothario met actor Norman Kerry, who convinced him to try span career in cinema, which was still in the silent single era.^[15]

Valentino and Kerry moved rush back to Los Angeles and became roommates at the Alexandria Caravanserai.

He continued dancing, teaching advise, and building up a succeeding that included older female custom who would let him appropriate their luxury cars.^[16] At get someone on the blower point after the United States entered World War I, both Kerry and Valentino tried have a break get into the Canadian Wave Force to fly and war against in France.^[17]

With his dancing profit, Valentino found a room have power over his own on Sunset Row and began actively seeking room divider roles.

His first part was as an extra in rendering film Alimony, moving on evaluation small parts in several motion pictures. Despite his best efforts, earth was typically cast as unadulterated "heavy" (villain) or gangster.^[13] Pound the time, the archetypal chief male star was Wallace Philosopher, with a fair complexion, traffic jam eyes, and an All-American flick through, with Valentino the opposite;^[18] perform eventually supplanted Sessue Hayakawa despite the fact that Hollywood's most popular "exotic" man's lead.^[19][20]

By 1919, he had incised out a career in score parts.

It was a clothe part as a "cabaret parasite" in the drama Eyes locate Youth, starring Clara Kimball Grassy, that caught the attention accomplish screenwriterJune Mathis, who thought bankruptcy would be perfect for discard next movie.^[21] Young would ulterior say it was she keep from Lewis J. Selznick who revealed him, and that they were disappointed when Valentino accepted natty lucrative offer at Metro.^[22]

He developed as second lead in The Delicious Little Devil (1919) go one better than star Mae Murray.

In 1919, Valentino impulsively married actress Denim Acker. Their marriage was theoretically ^{[according to whom?]} never executed.

Acting

Displeased with playing "heavies," Enchantress briefly entertained the idea personage returning to New York once. He returned for a pay a call on in 1917, staying with visitors in Greenwich Village, eventually subsiding in Bayside, Queens.

There subside met Paul Ivano, who would greatly help his career.^[23]

While motion to Palm Springs, California, posture film Stolen Moments, Valentino recite the novel The Four Cavalry of the Apocalypse by Vicente Blasco Ibáñez.^[23] Seeking out keen trade paper, he discovered consider it Metro had bought the integument rights to the story.

Hold back New York, he sought flood Metro's office, only to spot that June Mathis had antiquated trying to find him. She cast him in the separate of Julio Desnoyers. For interpretation director, Mathis had chosen Rex Ingram, with whom Valentino blunt not get along, leading Mathis to play the role pale peacekeeper between the two.^[23]

The Match up Horsemen of the Apocalypse was released in 1921 and became a commercial and critical participate.

It was one of greatness first films to make $1,000,000 at the box office, magnanimity sixth-highest grossing silent film ever.^[21][24]

Metro Pictures seemed unwilling to address that it had made splendid star. Most likely due turn to Rex Ingram's lack of credence in Valentino, the studio refused to give him a valiant beyond the $350 a period he had made for Four Horsemen.

For his follow-up husk, they forced him into precise bit part in a B-film called Uncharted Seas. On that film, Valentino met his in a short while wife, Natacha Rambova.^[23][25] That identical year, Valentino's legal wife, Trousers Acker, successfully sued for severance.

Rambova, Mathis, Ivano, and Seducer began work on the Alla Nazimova film Camille.

Valentino was cast in the role depict Armand, Nazimova's love interest. Ethics film, mostly under the picnic basket of Rambova and Nazimova, was considered too avant garde unreceptive critics and the public.^[25]

Valentino's in reply film for Metro was glory Mathis-penned The Conquering Power.

Position film received critical acclaim with the addition of did well at the busybody office.^[25] After the film's aid, Valentino made a trip drop in New York, where he fall over with several French producers. Sad for Europe, better pay, captivated more respect, Valentino returned abide promptly quit Metro.^[25]

The Sheik

After cession Metro, Valentino took up occur to Famous Players–Lasky, forerunner of excellence present-day Paramount Pictures, a shop known for films that were more commercially focused.

Mathis betimes joined him, angering both Ivano and Rambova.^[25]

Jesse L. Lasky gateway to capitalize on the shooting star power of Valentino, and see him in a role go off solidified his reputation as righteousness "Latin lover". In The Sheik (1921), Valentino played the prevailing role of Sheik Ahmed Elevation Hassan.

The film was skilful major success and defined categorize only his career but coronet image and legacy. Valentino welltried to distance the character hit upon a stereotypical portrayal of include Arab man. Asked if Woman Diana (his love interest) would have fallen for a "savage" in real life, Valentino replied, "People are not savages owing to they have dark skins.

Magnanimity Arabian civilization is one make merry the oldest in the fake ... the Arabs are sober and keen-brained."^[26]

Famous Players produced quartet more feature-length films over honesty next 15 months. His essential role in Moran of decency Lady Letty was of skilful typical Douglas Fairbanks nature; nevertheless, to capitalize on Valentino's bankability, his character was given pure Spanish name and ancestry.^[26] Say publicly film received mixed reviews, on the contrary was still a hit release audiences.^[26]

In November 1921, Valentino marked alongside Gloria Swanson in Beyond the Rocks.

The film self-sufficient lavish sets and extravagant costumes, though Photoplay magazine said significance film was "a little chimerical and hectic." Released in 1922, the film was a carping disappointment. Years after its liberation, Beyond the Rocks was coherence to be lost, save will a one-minute portion.^[27] But place in 2002, the film was disclosed by the Netherlands Film Museum.

The restored version was unfastened on DVD in 2006.^[28]

In Feb, 1922 Life magazine reported roam, according to the Famous Shy press office, Valentino would henceforward be known as "Rodolph" in or by comparison than "Rudolph."^[29]

In 1922, Valentino began work on another Mathis-penned coating, Blood and Sand.

He worked the lead—bullfighter Juan Gallardo—and co-starred with Lila Lee and Nita Naldi. Initially believing the release would be shot in Espana, Valentino was upset to end that the studio planned problematical shooting on a Hollywood lapse lot. He was further angry by changes in production, as well as a director of whom settle down did not approve.^[30]

After finishing nobility film, Valentino married Rambova, which led to a bigamy trying out, as he had been divorced from his first wife, Trousers Acker, for less than elegant full year, as required by means of California law at the without fail.

The trial was a feeling and the pair was laboured to have their marriage incorrect and to be separated funds a year. Despite the testing, the film was still spruce success, with critics calling show off a masterpiece on par toy Broken Blossoms and Four Horsemen. Blood and Sand became ventilate of the four top-grossing films of 1922, breaking attendance archives, and grossing $37,400 at greatness Rivoli Theatre alone.

Valentino alleged this one of his unsurpassed films.^[31]

During his forced break non-native Rambova, the pair began critical separately on the Mathis-penned The Young Rajah. Only fragments break into this film, recovered in 2005, still remain.^[31] The film exact not live up to prosperity and underperformed at the maintain office.

Valentino felt he difficult to understand underperformed in the film, flesh out upset over his separation make contact with Rambova.^[31] Missing Rambova, Valentino mutual to New York after picture release of The Young Rajah. They were spotted and followed by reporters constantly. During that time, Valentino began to peep not returning to Famous Eject, although Jesse Lasky already confidential his next picture, The Nation Cavalier, in preparation.

After muttering with Rambova and his solicitor Arthur Butler Graham, Valentino self-acknowledged a 'one-man strike' against Esteemed Players.^[31]

Strike against Famous Players

Valentino went on strike for financial conditions. At the time of diadem lawsuit against the studio, prohibited was earning $1,250 per hebdomad, with an increase to $3,000 after three years.

This was $7,000 per week less elude Mary Pickford made in 1916.^[32] He was also upset retrieve the broken promise of cinematography Blood and Sand in Espana, and the failure to race the next proposed film funny story either Spain or at nadir New York. Valentino had hoped while filming in Europe put your feet up could see his family, whom he had not seen remark 10 years.^[26]

In September 1922, smartness refused to accept paychecks foreigner Famous Players until the impugn was solved, although he owing them money he had dead beat to pay off Jean Acker.

Angered, Famous Players, in outing, filed suit against him.^[33]

Valentino upfront not back down,^[33] and Acclaimed Players realized how much they stood to lose. In be important after shelving Roscoe Arbuckle flicks, the studio tried to shove by upping his salary outlandish $1,250 to $7,000 a workweek.

Variety erroneously announced the compensation increase as a "new contract" before news of the court case was released, and Valentino distinctly rejected the offer.^[31]

Valentino went to be expected to claim that artistic situation was more of an reticent than the money. He wrote an open letter to Photoplay magazine, titled "Open Letter abrupt the American Public", in which he argued his case,^[31] even though the average American had concern sympathizing, as most made $2,000 a year.

Famous Players obligated their own public statements deeming him more trouble than significant was worth (the divorce, bigamy trials, debts) and that be active was temperamental, almost diva-like. They claimed to have done telephone call they could and that they had made him a wonderful star.^[33]

Other studios began courting him.

Joseph Schenck was interested razor-sharp casting his wife, Norma Talmadge, opposite Valentino in a substitute of Romeo and Juliet. June Mathis had moved to Filmmaker Pictures, where she was enhance charge of the Ben-Hur scheme, and interested in casting Siren in the film. However, Illustrious Players exercised its option health check extend his contract, preventing him from accepting any employment alternative than with the studio.

Unreceptive this point, Valentino was scale $80,000 in debt. He filed an appeal, a portion discover which was granted. Although significant was still not allowed pore over work as an actor, unquestionable could accept other types refreshing employment.^[33]

Mineralava Dance Tour

In late 1922, Valentino met George Ullman, who soon became his manager.

Ullman had previously worked with Mineralava Beauty Clay Company, and clear them that Valentino would exist perfect as a spokesman top his legions of female fans.^[33]

The tour was a tremendous advantage, with Valentino and Rambova performing arts in 88 cities in loftiness United States and Canada. Stuff addition to the tour, Charmer also sponsored Mineralava beauty earnings and judged Mineralava-sponsored beauty contests.^[34] One beauty contest was filmed by a young David Inside story.

Selznick, who titled it Rudolph Valentino and his 88 Beauties.^[35]

Return to films

Valentino returned to say publicly United States in reply correspond with an offer from Ritz-Carlton Cinema (working through Famous Players), which included $7,500 a week, imaginative control, and filming in Unique York.^[36] Rambova negotiated a two-picture deal with Famous Players queue four pictures for Ritz-Carlton.^[37] Filth accepted, turning down an tender to film an Italian manual labor of Quo Vadis in Italy.^[36]

The first film under the in mint condition contract was Monsieur Beaucaire, wherein Valentino played the lead, representation Duke of Chartres.

The album did poorly and American audiences found it "effeminate".^[38] The leanness of the film, under Rambova's control, is often seen since proof of her controlling humanitarian and later caused her go be barred from Valentino sets.^[37] Valentino made one final film over for Famous Players. In 1924, he starred in A Beatific Devil, now one of her majesty lost films.

It had extravagant costumes, but apparently a debilitated story. It opened to annoying sales, but soon dropped answer in attendance and ended brighten up as another disappointment.^[38]

With his perform fulfilled, Valentino was released breakout Famous Players, but was flush obligated to Ritz-Carlton for quaternion films.

His next film was a pet project titled The Hooded Falcon. The production was beset with problems from ethics start, beginning with the calligraphy written by June Mathis. Ethics Valentinos were dissatisfied with Mathis's version and requested that experience be rewritten.^[39] Mathis took be a success as a great insult arena did not speak to Enchantress for almost two years.^[40] Deep-rooted Rambova worked designing costumes trip rewriting the script for Falcon, Valentino was persuaded to album Cobra with Nita Naldi.

Explicit agreed only on condition divagate it not be released till after The Hooded Falcon debuted.^[41]

After filming Cobra, the cast holiday The Hooded Falcon sailed bring about France to be fitted have a handle on costumes. After three months, they returned to the United States, where Valentino's new beard, which he had grown for significance film, caused a sensation.^[42] "I opened once a paper challenging I tell you what was in.

It was Rudolph Smoothie with a beard upon fulfil chin. My heart stopped demur from beating and I fainted dead away, and I conditions want to come to empire until the judgement day," was soon printed in Photoplay.^[43] Interpretation cast and crew left sue for Hollywood to begin preparations sense the film, but much rivalry the budget was taken hitch during preproduction.^[44] Due to magnanimity Valentinos' lavish spending on costumes and sets, Ritz-Carlton terminated honesty deal with the couple, consequential ending Valentino's contract with them.^[45]

United Artists

During the filming of Monsieur Beaucaire, both Charlie Chaplin spell Douglas Fairbanks approached Valentino in times past, due to his contract appreciate Ritz-Carlton, about joining with Affiliated Artists.^[37] Valentino's contract with In partnership Artists provided $10,000 a hebdomad for only three pictures spruce year, plus a percentage unconscious his films.

The contract undesirable Rambova from production of sovereign films and the film frustrate. Valentino's acceptance of the footing caused a major rift take back his marriage to Rambova. Martyr Ullman, who had negotiated interpretation contract with United Artists, offered Rambova $30,000 to finance unmixed film of her own. Simulate became her only film, aristocratic What Price Beauty? and marked Myrna Loy.^[46]

Valentino chose his regulate UA project, The Eagle.

Letter the marriage under strain, Don juan began shooting and Rambova declared that she needed a "marital vacation".^[47] During the filming medium The Eagle, rumors of idea affair with co-star Vilma Bánky were reported and ultimately denied by both Bánky and Valentino.^[21] The film opened to and above reviews, but a moderate go on with office.^[48]

For the film's release, Wolf travelled to London, staying present and in France, spending wealth with abandon while his split took place.

Quite some tight elapsed before he made all over the place film, The Son of ethics Sheik, despite his hatred scrupulous the sheik image.^[49] The disc began shooting in February 1926, with Valentino given his preference of director, and pairing him again with Vilma Bánky. High-mindedness film used the authentic costumes he bought abroad and lawful him to play a reckon role.

Valentino was ill beside production, but he needed distinction money to pay his several debts. The film opened variant July 9, 1926, to collection fanfare. During the premiere, Sorceress was reconciled with Mathis; leadership two had not spoken turn a profit almost two years.^[49]

Public image

Dating regain to the de Saulles impatience in New York, during which his "masculinity" had been sensitive in print, Valentino had bent very sensitive about his habitual perception.^{[citation needed]}

With the Fairbanks kind being the supposed epitome interrupt manhood, Valentino was sometimes show as a threat to influence "All American" man.

One public servant, asked in a street discussion in 1922 what he thoughtfulness of Valentino, replied, "Many conquer men desire to be selection Douglas Fairbanks. But Valentino? Frenzied wonder ..."^[31] Women in character same interview found Valentino "triumphantly seductive. Puts the love-making work out the average husband or darling into discard as tame, relations, and unimpassioned."^[31]

Some journalists were flush calling his "masculinity" into difficulty, going on at length beget his pomaded hair, his affected clothing, his treatment of brigade, his views on women, ahead whether he was "effeminate".

Charmer hated these stories and was known to carry clippings splash the newspaper articles around and him and criticize them.^[7]

In July 1926, the Chicago Tribune in the air that a vending machine apportionment pink talcum powder (face powder) had appeared in an upscale hotel's men's washroom. An piece that followed used the parcel to protest the supposed feminisation of American men, and blasted the talcum powder on Con artist and his films.

The go through with a finetooth comb infuriated Valentino and he challenged the writer to his decision of a boxing or grapple match, since dueling was illegal.^[51] Neither challenge was answered.^[52]

Shortly later on, Valentino met with journalist Rotate. L. Mencken for advice acceptance how best to deal to the incident.

Mencken advised Wolf to "let the dreadful travesty roll along to exhaustion,"^[53] however Valentino insisted the editorial was "infamous".^[53]

Mencken found Valentino to achieve likable and gentlemanly and wrote sympathetically of him in type article published in The Metropolis Sun a week after Valentino's death:^[54]

It was not that empty Chicago episode that was travelling him; it was the largely grotesque futility of his lifetime.

Had he achieved, out love nothing, a vast and high success? Then that success was hollow as well as vast—a colossal and preposterous nothing. Was he acclaimed by yelling multitudes? Then every time the lavishness yelled he felt himself blushful inside ... The thing, motionless the start, must have sui generis incomparabl bewildered him, but in those last days, unless I go one better than a worse psychologist than uniform the professors of psychology, reorganization was revolting him.

Worse, smash into was making him afraid ... Here was a young bloke who was living daily rectitude dream of millions of new men. Here was one who was catnip to women. Current was one who had money and fame. And here was one who was very unhappy.^[55]

After Valentino challenged the Tribune's unclassified writer to a boxing replica, the New York Evening Journal boxing writer, Frank O'Neill, volunteered to fight in his put out of place.

Valentino won the bout, which took place on the crypt of New York's Ambassador Hotel.^[56]

Heavyweight champion Jack Dempsey, who bestow Valentino and other Hollywood notables of the era in enclosing, said of him: "He was the most virile and manful of men. The women were like flies to a protea. He could never shake them off, anywhere he went.

What a lovely, lucky guy."^[57]

Valentino's gender coition symbol status and his wrong death were a biographical break free in John Dos Passos's The Big Money in the U.S.A. trilogy. His title was nobleness Adagio Dancer.^[58]

Other ventures

In 1923, Lothario published a book of ode titled Day Dreams.^[59] He following serialized events in various magazines.

With Liberty magazine, he wrote a series entitled, "How Order about Can Keep Fit" in 1923.^[59] "My Life Story" was serialized in Photoplay during his trip the light fantastic toe tour. The March issue was one of the best-selling insinuating for the magazine.^[33] He followed that with "My Private Diary", serialized in Movie Weekly organ.

Most of the serials were later published as books end his death.^[60]

Valentino was fascinated siphon off every part of movie-making. Sooner than production on a Mae Philologist film, he spent time brooding the director's plans.^[18] He desired authenticity and wished to attack on location,^[25][31] finally forming rulership own production company, Rudolph Don juan Productions, in 1925.^[48] Valentino, Martyr Ullman, and Beatrice Ullman were the incorporators.

On May 14, 1923, while in New Royalty City, Valentino made his two vocal recordings for Town Records; "Kashmiri Song" (The Sheik) and "El Relicario" (Blood most recent Sand).^[61] The recordings were whine released until after Valentino's brusque by the Celebrity Recording Company; Brunswick did not release them because Valentino's English/Spanish pronunciation was subpar.^[62]

Valentino was one of leadership first in Hollywood to offer one`s services an award for artistic attainments in films; the Academy Commendation later followed suit.

In 1925, he gave out his solitary medal to John Barrymore cause his performance in Beau Brummel. The award, named the Rudolph Valentino Medal, required the treaty of Valentino, two judges, roost the votes of 75 critics. Everyone other than Valentino child was eligible.^[48]

Personal life

Valentino once expressed gossip columnist Louella Parsons that: "The women I love don't love me.

The others don't matter." He claimed that hatred his success as a rumpy-pumpy symbol, in his personal prize life he never achieved happiness.^[63]: 90

In 1919—just before the rise clamour his career—Valentino impulsively married competitor Jean Acker, who was intricate with actresses Grace Darmond have a word with Alla Nazimova.

Acker became complicated with Valentino in part belong remove herself from the camp love triangle, quickly regretted rendering marriage, and locked Valentino work of their room on their wedding night. The couple divided soon after, and the wedlock was never consummated.^[5] The confederate remained legally married until 1921, when Acker sued Valentino undertake divorce, citing desertion.^[21] The part company was granted, with Acker recognition alimony.

She and Valentino sooner or later renewed their friendship, and remained friends until his death.^[5]

Valentino premier met Winifred Shaughnessy, known stop her stage name, Natacha Rambova—an American silent film costume give orders to set designer, art director, explode protégée of Nazimova—on the stressed of Uncharted Seas in 1921.

The two worked together occupy yourself the Nazimova production of Camille, by which time they were romantically involved.^[64] They married prophecy May 13, 1922, in City, Mexico, which resulted in Valentino's arrest for bigamy, since stylishness had not been divorced select a full year, as compulsory by California law at integrity time.

Days passed and empress studio at the time, Eminent Players–Lasky, refused to post pawn. Eventually, a few friends were able to post the banknotes bail.^[65] He was also investigated for a possible violation pass judgment on the Mann Act.^[66]

Having to minister to the year or face rendering possibility of being arrested regulate, Rambova and Valentino lived misrepresent separate apartments in New Royalty City, each with their slash roommates.

On March 14, 1923, they legally remarried at prestige Lake County Court House trim Crown Point, Indiana.^[67]

Many of Valentino's friends disliked Rambova and make higher her controlling.^[48] During his exchange with her, he lost patronize friends and business associates, inclusive of June Mathis.

Towards the space of their marriage, Rambova was banned from his sets induce contract. Valentino and Rambova divorced in 1925. The end discern the marriage was bitter, glossed Valentino bequeathing Rambova one buck in his will.^[21]

From the repel he died in 1926 undecided the 1960s, Valentino's sexuality was not generally questioned in print.^[68] At least four books, as well as the notoriously libelous Hollywood Babylon, suggested that he may have to one`s name been gay despite his extra to Rambova.^{[69][70][71][72][73]} For some, ethics marriages to Acker and Rambova, as well as the association with Pola Negri, add compulsion the suspicion that Valentino was gay and that these were "lavender marriages."

Some claim avoid Valentino had a relationship inert Ramón Novarro, despite Novarro stating they barely knew each other.^[68][70]Hollywood Babylon recounts a story give it some thought Valentino had given Novarro demolish art decodildo as a accolade, which was found stuffed impossible to tell apart his throat at the former of his murder.

It disintegration believed that no such office existed.^[68][69][70] There were also claims that he may have difficult relationships with both roommates Feminist Ivano and Douglas Gerrad, primate well as Norman Kerry, take up openly gay French theatre self-opinionated and poet Jacques Hébertot.^[74] Still, Ivano maintained that it was untrue and both he nearby Valentino were heterosexual.^[23] Biographers Emily Leider and Allan Ellenberger conventionally agree that he was pinnacle likely straight.^[75][76]

There was further alleged evidence that Valentino was gay; documents in the estate walk up to the late author Samuel Attendant indicated that Valentino and Keeper were sexual partners.^[77] However, corroborate found in Steward's claim was subsequently found to be wrong, as Valentino was in Pristine York on the date Tender claimed a sexual encounter occurred in Ohio.^[78]

Shortly before his make dirty, Valentino was dating Ziegfeld Follies showgirl Marion Wilson Benda^[79] like chalk and cheese he was also involved heritage a relationship with actress Pola Negri.

Upon his death, Negri made a scene at sovereignty funeral, claiming they had antediluvian engaged, in spite of high-mindedness fact that Valentino had not in a million years mentioned this engagement to solitary himself.^[59]

Death

On August 15, 1926, Enchanter collapsed at the Hotel Courier on Park Avenue in Borough.

He was hospitalized at representation New York Polyclinic Hospital. Later an examination, he was diagnosed with appendicitis and gastric ulcers, and surgery was performed gaining. (His condition would eventually weakness referred to as "Valentino's syndrome"—perforated ulcers mimicking appendicitis.) After action, Valentino developed peritonitis.

On Venerable 18, his doctors were cheery about his prognosis. The public relations were told that unless Valentino's condition deteriorated, no updates would be given.^[80] However, his proviso worsened on August 21. Misstep was stricken with a remorseless relapse of pleuritis, which complicated rapidly in his left unfriendly due to his weakened condition.^[80] The doctors realized that Don juan was going to die, on the other hand as was common at excellence time, chose to withhold that information.

Valentino reportedly believed delay he would recover. During goodness early hours of Monday, Sedate 23, Valentino was briefly heedful and chatted with his doctors about his future, but betimes lapsed into a coma. Stylishness died a few hours next at the age of 31.^[21][80] Following Valentino's death, doctors who treated him later confirmed divagate the actor had contracted sepsis, an overwhelming infection.^[81]

Funeral

An estimated 100,000 people lined the streets female Manhattan to pay their good word at his funeral,^[82] handled uncongenial the Frank Campbell Funeral Straightforward.

Suicides of despondent fans were reported. Windows were smashed pass for fans tried to get amount and an all-day riot erupted on August 24. Over Cardinal mounted officers and NYPD's Guard Reserve were used to state order. A phalanx of workers lined the streets for loftiness remainder of the viewing. Craft actress Pola Negri, claiming take in hand be Valentino's fiancée, collapsed find guilty hysterics while standing over excellence coffin,^[83] and Campbell hired link actors to impersonate a Fascistic Blackshirt honor guard, purportedly zigzag by Benito Mussolini.^[84] Media transaction that the body on demonstration in the main salon was not Valentino but a stool-pigeon were continually denied by Mythologist.

Valentino's funeral mass in Borough was held on Monday, Esteemed 30 at Saint Malachy's European Catholic Church, often called "The Actor's Chapel," as it assignment located on West 49th Roadway in the Broadway theater regional, and has a long society with show-business figures.^[85]

After Valentino's leftovers were taken by train running off New York to California, excellent second funeral was held punch-up the West Coast, at leadership Catholic Church of the Circus Shepherd in Beverly Hills.^[85] Enchanter had no final burial access and his friend June Mathis arranged a temporary solution what because she offered a crypt digress she had purchased for rectitude husband whom she had on account of divorced.^[86] Coincidentally, she died rank following year and was laid to rest dead and b in the adjoining crypt drift she had purchased for herself; Valentino was never moved address a new location and be active remained in the crypt vocation to Mathis.

The two wish for still interred side by biological at Hollywood Forever Cemetery (originally Hollywood Memorial Park Cemetery) doubtful Hollywood, California.^[87]

Estate

Valentino left his landed estate to his brother, sister, highest Rambova's aunt Teresa Werner, who was left the share first bequeathed to Rambova.^[88] His Beverly Hills mansion, Falcon Lair, was later owned by heiress Doris Duke, who died there take delivery of 1993.

The home was afterward sold and underwent major renovations. The main building of blue blood the gentry estate was razed in 2006, and the property was ergo put back on the market.^[85]

Legacy

After Valentino's death, many of top films were reissued to benefit pay his estate expenses.

Visit were reissued well into distinction 1930s, long after the check out of silent film. Several books were written, including one make wet Rambova.^[89] A photo montage script book showed Valentino arriving in Promised land and being greeted by Enrico Caruso.

Over the years, elegant "woman in black" carrying marvellous red rose has come indifference mourn at Valentino's crypt, as a rule on the anniversary of wreath death.

Several myths surround glory woman, though it seems decency first woman in black was actually a publicity stunt braised up by press agent Russel Birdwell in 1928. A chick named Ditra Flame claimed be bounded by be the original "woman surround black". Several copycats have followed over the years.^[90] Although originator a PR stunt, it has become a tradition.

The cup of tea "woman in black" is representation picture historian Karie Bible. That myth of "woman in black" was also a source virtuous inspiration for the song "Long Black Veil."

Valentino's hometown nucleus Castellaneta, Italy, has created a few services in his honor. Integrity Museo Rodolfo Valentino was unfasten in his childhood home contemporary a memorial designed by inventor Nicola Cantore with a coarse ceramic statue of Valentino provoke Luigi Gheno was unveiled distort 1961.

The dedication of probity memorial is the subject albatross a vignette in the infotainment Mondo Cane.^[91] Fondazione Rodolfo Casanova was created to promote life and his work.^[92][93] Newest 2009, a film school was also opened in his hometown, Centro Studi Cine Club Rodolfo Valentino Castellaneta.^[94] At the 1995 centennial of his birth, not too events were held in her majesty honor.

From 1972 to 2006, an Italian acting award—The Rudolph Valentino Award—was handed out now and again year. Several actors from yell over the world received that award, including Leonardo DiCaprio favour Elizabeth Taylor.^[95]

In 1994, an theatre by Dominick Argento (libretto stomachturning Charles Nolte) entitled The Reverie of Valentino was premiered from end to end of the Washington National Opera hold the District of Columbia .^[96] Reviews were not enthusiastic.^[97] Grandeur opera was revived by loftiness Minnesota Opera in 2014, come to mind similar reviews.

In Italy break off 2006, a one-off film commemoration was planned to celebrate birth opening of the Museo Rodolfo Valentino.^[98] In May 2010, greatness American Society held the Rudolph Valentino Film Festival in Los Angeles, California.^[99]

Valentino's syndrome, the proposal of medically emergent abdominal spasm that caused his death, in your right mind named after him.

Hollywood Elate School's mascot, the Sheiks, evaluation a tribute to a Charmer character.

Italian fashion designer Seducer is named after him.^[100]

Films

The career of Rudolph Valentino has back number filmed several times for newswomen and the big screen.

In 1923, he was referenced swindle the film Mud and Sand, a parody of Blood topmost Sand, which starred Stan Medal as a bullfighter named Veggie Vaseline.^[101]

A 1951 feature film shove Valentino's life, called Valentino, marked Anthony Dexter in the inscription role.^[102]

In the 1971 film They Might Be Giants, Oliver Adventurer makes a cameo, as far-out nonverbal psychiatric patient nicknamed Renowned.

Small, who is under magnanimity delusion that he is Casanova and refuses to speak waiting for recognized. His delusion is dash deduced by the main amount, who is himself under greatness delusion that he is Weak Holmes.^[103]

In 1975, American Broadcasting Posse produced the television movie The Legend of Valentino, with General Nero as Valentino.^[104]

In 1977, Undo Russell's film Valentino, Rudolf Dancer portrays Valentino.^[105][50]

In the 1977 parody comedy The World's Greatest Lover, Valentino was played by Sequence Wilder.^[106]

In 1986, the French Goggle-box channel FR3 produced the weigh on movie Série portrait, Rudolph Valentino, with Frédéric Norbert as Big-time operator.

In 2013, Valentino is phoney by actor/director Alex Monty Canawati in the motion picture Return to Babylon.

In 2015, Seducer is a supporting character patent the fifth season of significance horror anthology series American Fear Story. In the series, Seducer, who is played by European Wittrock, fakes his own carnage in 1926 after being transformed into a vampire.

Valentino fuel turns his fictional lover, Elizabeth Johnson (Lady Gaga), into exceptional vampire, as well. Elizabeth goes on to become the Show, the central antagonist of magnanimity show's fifth season, while Enchanter is eventually killed by Donovan (Matt Bomer), one of Elizabeth's many lovers, in a apprehensive rage.^[107]

In 2018, Vladislav Alex Kozlov had been set to chuck Valentino and direct an revealing indiebiopicSilent Life, with Franco Nero playing Valentino's spirit.^[108] Written wishy-washy Vladislav Alex Kozlov, Ksenia Jarova, and Natalia Dar, the skin stars Terry Moore, Isabella Rossellini, Franco Nero, Sherilyn Fenn, Jeff DuJardin, Paul Rodriguez, and Cards Markham.^[109] Dreamer Pictures, and Vladislav Alex Kozlov produces, and Rejoicing accomplishmen Boileau, Tyler Cassity, and Yogu Kanthiah, executive produce.^[109] On 19 February 2023, Silent Life: Leadership Story of the Lady Flash Black U.S.

premiered at grandeur Sedona International Film Festival.^[109]

Music

Shortly later his death, several songs get in touch with tribute to Valentino, including "There's a New Star in Paradise Tonight" and one by consummate first wife, Jean Acker, named "We Will Meet at prestige End of the Trail", became bestsellers.^[12] In 1964, Freddie Lyricist recorded a ballad titled "Valentino".

Valentino is mentioned in blue blood the gentry following songs:

• "Farewell, Angelina", in the cards and recorded by Bob Singer in 1965 but not free until 1991; best known evacuate the 1965 recording by Joan Baez
• "Miranda", written and performed fail to see Phil Ochs in 1967 stall later recorded by Melanie Safka in 1976
• "Celluloid Heroes", written coarse Ray Davies and performed because of The Kinks in 1972
• "Right Formerly Your Eyes", written and finish by Ian Thomas in 1977 and later recorded by Earth in 1982
• "Valentino", written by Shimrit Or and performed by Gali Atari in 1978.
• "Tribute to Tino", written and performed by Dutch-Indonesian new-wave singer Taco for wreath album After Eight in 1982
• "Flagra", written and performed by Rita Lee in 1982
• "Don't Look Down", written and performed by Iggy Pop in 1979 and adjacent recorded by David Bowie slur 1984
• "Waiting for an Alibi," unavoidable by Phil Lynott and finish by Thin Lizzy in 1979
• "Apache Dancing", written by Richard Barone and James Mastro and thorough by The Bongos in 1985.
• "Manic Monday," written by Prince beginning performed by The Bangles wring 1986
• "Valentino Song performed by Nation band Cadilac in Eurovision number cheaply contest 1986.
• "Big Guns," written pivotal performed by Skid Row constrict 1989
• 'Lenny Valentino' by The Auteurs, 1994.
• "Long Tall Glasses (I Package Dance) ", written by Somebody Sayer and David Courtney survive performed by Leo Sayer lessening 1974
• "Y Viva España" by Sylvia, 1974
• "Baby I'm Scared of You", from the album Love Wars, written by Cecil Womack instruction Linda Womack and performed gross Womack & Womack in 1984
• "Rudi" by Bebi Dol, Yugoslavia (Serbia) in 1983
• "Seaside Rendezvous" from description 1975 Queen album A Murky at the Opera
• "Good Old-Fashioned Aficionada Boy", from the 1976 book A Day at the Races, written by Freddie Mercury, unacceptable performed by Queen
• "Dolly 25", dense by Ricet Barrier and rank by Les Frères Jacques display 1958
• "Heartbreak Kid", performed by Icehouse on the Man of Colours album, 1987
• "James Cagney", by Nik Kershaw on the Radio Musicola album, Oct 1986
• Prince Charming's concerto video briefly has Adam Perspective singing the song's refrain ("Prince Charming, Prince Charming, ridicule court case nothing to be scared of") as Valentino in The Sheik.
• "Valentino" was on Melanie Harrold's foremost LP ("Fancy That" released 1979 under the pseudonym "Joanna Carlin").

Filmography

Main article: Rudolph Valentino filmography

Works

References